August 15th of Japan

August 15th is the special day for Japan.
But, already there are almost no people who are conscious of that day.
Probably, when we would ask about August 15th for young　men who are present in towns,
they would answer it as a Bon Festival rest are more than who answer that it is the anniversary of the end of the war of Japan.
There is a reason in such answers.
They are not experiencing the past war and the education concerning the past war is not given for them.
Moreover, we suspect how many pages of historical textbooks used for the education about the past war.
When August 15th becomes closely, mass communications take up greatly the prime minister's Yasukuni Jinja worship problem, when this day passed, they become as the silence after an ebb tide.
Young men will surely regard World War II as "the stale past."
However, the soldiers and civilians who suffered the damage of past war were not old men.
They were young men in that day and the young men of the same generation in today. Young men in present-day must not forget this fact.
Remember there were also 17-year-old boys among Tokkotai　(suicide attack) soldiers.
War experienced persons have already aged now.
Persons whom they can tell the misery of war is few.
There are also no places where they can tell the past war experience.
The past war experienced persons are going to disappear calmly.
They are still continuing burning the recollections at that time in their hearts.
Japan plaza decided to exhibit our homepage in this August.
We, producers, exhibit our homepage at this time. But it is only a chance.
Moreover, we are not going to ask the right or wrong of the past war.
We want to look back upon the history which existed in reality calmly.
Five persons described the recollections on August 15th, 1945.
They were a navy under officer, a schoolgirl by whom labor mobilization was done, a student soldier of a Tokko member, a student who was 14 year-old boy in a junior high school and 21 year old soldier belonging to an anti-aircraft guns party.
Each one of circumstances is completely different, and their experiences of the end of past war also had differed.
It is very poor data of the end of the war, but we want to offer these two stories to our readers as commemoration of the end of the war.

August 15th of naval fright maintenance under officer

The May 1941, I joined Yokosuka marine corps as an enlistee after the graduation from an old-education-system junior high school.
And in October in that year I was assigned as a third grade maintenance buck private at Yokohama navy flying corps of the flying boat specialty which was in Tomioka-cho Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama city.
In December in the same year, I got a transfer to the landing force on the Yokohama navy flying corps base that prepared for the battle after the declaration of war against the United States. The main unit of Yokohama navy flying corps was in Imegi,Wotje island of the Marshall group of islands which was the League of Nations trust territory of Japan.
My unit did bloodless landing on the Makin Island in Gilbert Islands on December 8th, 1941.
However, according to the U.S. Forces information after the war, it was confirmed that navy garrison including remaining forces of the Yokohama navy flying corps under the fourth fleet command deployed on Makin and Tarawa of Gilbert Islands. Both islands had been wiped out respectively on November 23 and 25th, 1943.
This total destruction has been the second total destruction since the total destruction on May 29, 1943 of the territory in the U.S. Aleutian Islands.
On January and February 1942, I was dispatched to Greenwich island that was the trust territory of Japan and Guam that was the territory of the U.S. (presently U.S. semi- state), Saipan Island (it is the U.S. self-governing dominion now), and Truk Islands (trust territory) as an advance troop for flying boats base construction. And I got a transfer to another section one by one. At last I was dispatched Rabaul of New Britain (present Papua New Guinea) that was trust territory of Australia.
On May, 1942, Japanese and U.S. fleet that were almost equal in power held the first aerial warfare in the Coral Sea. The result became a draw mostly.
During this battle, I was sick with malaria and boarded hospital ship named Hikawa-maru for sending back to Japan.
The comrades in arms in Rabaul who gave me the farewell gifts moved out to Tulagi of Florida Island in Solomon Islands.
The end of the August 7, 1943, U.S. Forces landing party attacked Tulagi as the preliminary skirmish of the Guadalcanal battle. And my comrades in arms were all wiped out by U.S. forces.
I went back and was hospitalized in the Yokosuka naval hospital.
And I moved from Yokosuka to the Kasumigaura naval hospital. When an amusement team came, I was treated favorably as a few returnees from a battle front, I told my experience to the amusement team. Although many show was performed by actors and singers. I remember the visit of Haguroyama, Yokozuna wrestler, vividly.
After the peace continued during medical treatment for about one year, I got a transfer to another section with the navy flying corps of Misawa of Aomori and Matsushima of Miyagi.
I joined a new unit of the Tsuchiura navy flying corps in January, 1944 as noncommissioned officer and went to the Malay Peninsula Iretar navy flying corps base by the aircraft carrier which converted the merchant vessel,
During the voyage, our ship was torpedo-attacked by the U.S. submarine.
At that time, I was doing submarine watch and I was almost prepared for death when I found the torpedo coming down straight toward our ship. But the torpedo passed under the ship's bottom, because of light draft of our ship as a reconstruction merchant vessel. We were luckily to escape death by a hair's breadth.
On Iretar base, I was engaged in maintenance of airplanes as maintenance noncommissioned officer.
The first naval Tokkotai (the special attack party) was the Shikishima party of Kamikaze corps; they flew away from the Clark base in the Philippines on October 25, 1944 for the Leyte naval battle. Also at Iretar base, I saw off many Tokkoutais like every day
On August 15 1945, I greeted the end of the war at Iretar base.
However, I remember that I realized the truth of our defeat about 10 days after. And at the end of war, my navy class was a navy first-class maintenance staff sergeant.
We became the prisoner of war of an English army and went to the south Malay Peninsula via Singapore, then we were placed in Wren Van Island
(Uninhabited island) in the Indonesia territory (It was Netherlands territory those days) directly under the equator. I was experienced the detention life for about one year.
And we had only the food for three days at the beginning. Facing starvation, we continued the forced labor for jungle zone development.
By the serious malnutrition, death-due-to-sickness persons occurred one after another. The name of sickness was heart beriberi.
Four months after the person in charge of an English army who came for inspection said that the English army did not send Japanese soldiers to this island in order to starve.
And the English army distributed the fighter feeding of the U.S., the U.K., and the Australian to us, and our nutrition condition has also been improved.
I compare the quality of the rationed food and I thought that show the reason clearly why we lost the war.
The daily work which reclaimed an unexplored island and building farms and roads were totally indescribable suffering both physically and spiritually by being afflicted by hunger, illness, and injury since food was insufficient.
However, I thought that Japanese technical capability was also wonderful, when I saw the farms and roads which were done wonderfully.
On October, 1946, I was demobilized by the ship to the Tanabe harbor of Wakayama. And I was looking at each city in which war devastation marks remain in the train for home coming.
I came back to the hometown, Ota city of Gunma prefecture, my mother was believing and waiting for my safe return.
I consider whether it is wonderful that I have come back alive to Japan by having no physical defect from those severe battles. Although the comrades in war at the time of enlistment who almost died total destruction.
I also appreciate for my fortune today.

August 15th of a certain schoolgirl

August 15th in 1945 was the　first day of a new　and　serious　birth　of　Japan. It was the day filled with deep emotion , also for me .
However, it is a far old thing about 60 years ago.　My memory of　this day is vague.
However I'll recollect my memory of before and after the last stage　of war.
In order to avoid war, in March 1944 my family was evacuated from Osaka to Toyama-shi that was my parents' hometown .
Our house was located in the east city limits and around there, there were rice and vegetable fields .
At that time , many pupils' groups were evacuated , we have the record that 4,853 pupils were evacuated to Toyama prefecture.
I imagine that they would be lonely , because they were separated from their parents.
Since April I changed to a girls' school in Toyama. Then I was the second year of a junior high girls' school.
And all the students had to do mowing works in the fields .
We made it hay and gave it to the military horses.
Because I had never experienced in the mowing work, it was very hard for me. So my classmates often helped me.
In those days , all male workers had to go to war, there were only elderly people , women and children in the civilian area.
After that , we schoolgirls also had to work for munitions factories as labor forces .　I had to work at this factory from the end of the 2nd year to the middle of the 3rd year until April 15th,　it　was my mobilization life.
Near the girls' school was Corp. Fujikoshi steel-materials industrial company ( Now , it is named Nachi Fujikoshi Corp.).
The factory was producing the parts of airplanes as a munitions factory during the wartime. I had to work to polish gears there every day.　I believed that these small gears would be some parts of fighter planes and be useful for our country.
One day I was surprised to find myself in a local paper entitled "The flowers of a factory". It was an article of mobilization students.
I saw a photograph of myself working there in the paper, which had the size of 　a postcard.
On 26th July 1945 Toyama city was attacked by an U.S. Forces plane. Then twenty houses were bombed and burned down , and fifty houses collapsed by the blast.　Because of them, people couldn't live there. Worse more , before daybreak on the 2nd August , 98% of
Toyama city were　burned down by the massive air raid and then
2275 people died and injured people were about 110,000 .　These are recorded in the history of Toyama prefecture .
Luckily we were saved from the air raid, because the factory and
our house were located in the end of the east in Toyama city.
At night of the air raid, I escaped with neighbors further to the
east on the dark road , pushing a baby car loading with necessaries
that we had always prepared.　When I sometimes looked back, the sky over Toyama city was bright like daylight.　The fire bombs with the explosions of B29 falled down and were　glittering like fireworks.
On the 15th August , we went to the factory as usual and heard that there would be serious broadcast of the Emperor.
At noon although all the members were tensely in front of the radio, the voice of the Emperor was not often able to be heard. I could not understand anything of this.　Our superior official told us that
the broadcast was Imperial message about the defeat of the war.
An empty time passed for us because of the shock , and after a　while we were back to our homes.
Even the war finished , we would not easily adapt to normal daily life. Because the girls' school and all the city had been burned by the air raid,　we resumed temporary lessons at the dormitory of a company which escaped the destruction of the fire as it was in the suburbs.
We　sat on the hard floor , and some persons sat on the two-step bed and looked down at our teachers , and we started learning , sharing a few textbooks. It was the highest joy for us to study together with our classmates.
We 　had to be patient in severe shortages of all things , like food and so on, just to win war.
Even now, the motto "until to get the victory we want nothing " Remains in my head clearly.

August 15th of a student soldier

We were the newcomer soldiers who were enlisted on April 15th 1945.
It was a hot day and it seemed something would happen.
I had just graduated from the university preparatory course (an
equivalent to the old national high school course), and was studying at
university.
I was sent to Hokkaido to the labor mobilization of farmhouses. I was
staying at a farmhouse there, and that was where received my
army draft card. I joined the Tobu 12th army unit in Tokyo Shibuya-ku.
At that time, Mito city received bombardments from US navy
warships. In order to prepare for the US marine landing, our unit
was distributed and stationed at the farmhouses near Mito city.
Without my consent I was included in Tokkotai (a special attack
party). The Tokkotai were the suicide corps who opposed the enemy
landing units.
My party was a mortar unit of one troop affiliated with the Tobu 12th
army unit.This unit had only one small gun. However, there were no
bullets
Our soldiers dug foxholes (one trench for one person) by waiting for
the tanks landing of the U.S. marine corps.
Our soldiers threw explosives on US tanks and were going to explode
them. We tightly packed sand in 30cm2 square boxes, and did
them instead of explosives.These boxes were used in battle training.
To me, it was too heavy and I could not throw in the bottom of an
enemy tank.
The superior ordered.
"If you don't throw them, enter the bottom of the tank with the
explosive." This meant soldiers were being run over by tanks together
with the explosives and dying. This was the essence of Tokkotai.
I was ready for the last day of my life "Shall I die from the body of
chastity?" My idea was not suitable as a Tokkotai member.
As the twig is bent, so grows the tree.
Seemingly, I was already endowed with a sensual heart these days.
When I went to the other side of the farmhouse at recess, a beautiful
20-year-old woman stood there.She looked at me as if she was still a
virgin.
Since I heard that there would be a serious broadcast, I approached her
and said, "Will something serious happen today?"
"Yes" she said.
I grasped her hand with the feeling of wanting to touch the opposite sex.
It was the instinct of a virgin in front of death. She squeezed my hand.
I said, "Is it good? "She agreed saying "well."
I was crazy and touched my mouth to hers. She received my kiss without
resisting. I felt bubbles all over flew from our mouths.
Then I heard the voice of our army comrade "there is broadcast from His
Majesty the Emperor."
Then the kiss with which bubbles over flew was impossible for me
to continue, I regained myself at once.
Although I hurried to the farmhouse where I was staying, but there
was no radio there. But I was able to hear the radio from the wayside
house.
"We have to bear matters that can not to bear and have to endure
matters that can not to endured.”
It was a broadcast from His Majesty the Emperor speaking about
the defeat of the war which I later understood.
It was one day like a phantom that the pain of youth bore the bubble
as it is also for me, I had to bear matters that could not be bear.
On the next day, an apprenticeship officer with a saber who was also
my superior, came to the farmhouse in which we stayed.
He said. "This war has been defeated. Soldiers can go back to their
homes. Also, you will receive one military class promotion."
The class chapter was not conferred although we were promoted to first
grade soldiers from the 2nd grade, which was the lowest class.
I thought that only my feeling became a first grade soldier.
After Japan received the Potsdam Declaration, all of the Japanese
military men were promoted by one class. These promotions were called
either a Potsdam second lieutenant or a Potsdam first lieutenant.
When receiving a military pension by this promotion, upper officers
and generals were able to get huge pension benefit during their lifetime.
The six new comers soldiers who were lodged in the same house could
not have imagined how Japan would change after the defeat of the war.
It was regrettable that the kiss that was the middle at me even the
bubble issued.
I was going to go back home through Tokyo. However, it was said that
Tokyo was occupied for US Forces. A certain soldier told me, "Japanese
soldiers may be killed by them. "There was a rumor that the women of
Tokyo were saving their heads for fear of being raped by the US soldiers.
On the occasion of homecoming, I knew that we could carry our
personal belongings and some supplies from our unit, so I thought that
I would bring some souvenirs back to my parents' home. In the
suburbs of Mito city, there were many tobacco farms.
So I decided to bring my mother her favorite Tobacco as a souvenir.
The Tobacco leaves had just been cut from the fields.
A well informed person told me, "If the leaves are dried, cut fine
and rolled in paper, they will become cigarettes."
2 or 3 days after, the leaves of Tobacco that I had ordered were carried
to my place from the farm.
When covered by a blanket, they became like Sumidawara ( A charcoal
bag in the shape of a cylinder about 50 cm in diameter and 1 m in length).
Although it was too large for carrying on the trains, I could not throw
it away. So I put it on my shoulders, changed trains and returned to my
home.
During my return, I met with many soldiers who were returning to
their hometown by demobilization. As we passed through Tokyo, we
were surprised that the city had changed into burned fields.
Seeing it, I worried about the safety of my parents' home.
As the landing of the US Forces was at the end of August, when I
passed through Tokyo, they were not there.
In the confusion of the defeat of this war, the policemen were not able
to control illegal goods.
My shouldered Tobacco passed through Tokyo and arrived at my
nostalgic hometown of Funabashi in Chiba Prefecture without any
problems.
My mother cried and was pleased with my safe return.
I arranged and dried the leaves of Tobacco, which I brought as a
souvenir, on the roof and in the narrow yard of my house.
A neighboring farmer asked me, "Mr. Sado! Is that Tobacco?" I
answered "That's right" with a triumphant look. He said,
"This is a serious matter! It is illegal to have Tobacco leaves. If you are
caught by the policeman, you will receive severe punishment."
In those days, the land adjoining my house was the playground
Open space of the Funabashi police station. The policemen were checking
their properties every morning in this open space.
I was happy not to know the truth. The leaves of Tobacco which I
had arranged could be clearly seen from the police station.
However, I supposed that the policemen of Funabash didn't know
what Tobacco leaves looked like. I received no reproof. But I picked up
the leaves in a hurry.
Cigarettes were on distribution systems in those days, and only a small
quantity was supplied to people. I distributed Tobacco leaves to my
neighboring people. And they were very much pleased with them.
It was only one blanket and Tobacco leaves that I brought home
from the army and it made the people happy.

My experience on August 15

I lived in Incheon , Korea on August 15, 1945. And I was a first-year student in Incheon junior high school.Incheon is very famous as General MacArthur carried out the landing operation counterattack at the time of the Korean War. Incheon is a little more than 1 hour by train from Seoul.Now the southern part of the Korean Peninsula is called the Republic of Korea and the northern part is called the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, but the Korean Peninsula was called Chousen those days, and I use Chosen by this text.My father was working for the head office of Teikoku Sen-i Co., Ltd. And he was ordered to transfer the Incheon factory in March, 1944.Although the first air raid by the U.S. Forces planes started in Tokyo, the massive air raids had not started yet. Since the evacuation from Tokyo became necessary, The damage of war was not apparent till August 15.However, the cities Rajin and Chongching, at the coast of the Sea of Japan and near the Soviet Union border, fell one after another by Soviet Union invasion in the war on August 9, and war fire reached Incheon within several days.I was mobilized for military labor from the second grader, even during the period of summer vacation. I was a first-year student of a junior high school, and I had to do cramming lesson every day.And August 15 came on. The school was closed on Sunday on that day.The Emperor's voice was broadcast in the day¥time, I was not able to catch it due to noise. I was imagining what he said like "You had to do your best".In the evening the news of the radio reported the defeat of Japan and that the territory in Japan is restricted to Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Hokkaido, and the islands attached to them, the radio did not mention the Korean Peninsula. The land in which I lived in an instant changed to a foreign country.August 16 was the next day, a large crowd of old, young, men, and women flew the Taikyoku flag (national flag of present South Korea) and cried for "Choson Dokuritsu mansei(Korean independent banzai)" and performed a large demonstration on the main streets.In Korea there was the Banzai incident. In that time Korean people cried for "Korean independent banzai" and the public rose without arms. That day was the reappearance of the Banzai incident.I looked at the exploded energy of the Korean people who I regarded as the same race as Japanese till yesterday.About one week after Japan's defeat, I climbed the hill at the back of my house, because the U.S. Forces could be seen. Hundreds of transport ships were at anchor off Incheon. Since the difference of ebb and tide almost all ships anchored offshoreAs for the U.S. Forces, a voluminousness party has landed on foot at the landing crafts (called ducks) on the next day. The factory where my father was working was requisitioned as a U.S. Forces camp. A disarmament of the Japanese army was performed several days there after. Probably this was like a ceremony.The commander of the Japanese army stands on a stand, and ordered the Japanese soldiers in full armaments, "place the gun," "place the ammunition,""removing the sword" and soldiers were disarmed according to his order.And the U.S. soldiers were surrounding them, finally arms and ammunition were collected, and the ceremony was finished.In this time the prisoners-of-war concentration camps of the U.S. soldiers which existed in a suburb of Incheon turned into a Japanese soldier's concentration camp, Japanese soldiers were restrained but were going in and out freely.My family's life changed completely. My father was the office section chief (like the administration division chief of a ordinary companies) of Teikoku Sen-i Incheon Factory.He became a person concerned with negotiation with the U.S. Forces that occupied the factory. The U.S. soldiers who became acquainted with my father often came to visit my home that was located in front of the factory.My father had graduated from the Osaka high business school, and concerning office works, he was the only person who was able to do office works in English at Teikoku Sen-i branch and factories in all over the southern Korean Peninsula.Moreover, my mother comes from Kobe and worked for the new zaibatsu Suzuki store that was famous for having set fire by the Rice Riot in Taisho Era.Then, she worked as an English typist together with American women in a company of the Switzerland nationality.The U.S. soldiers who visited my home had also said that my mother's English was much more intelligible than my father's English.My father processed a lot of Korean employees' closing-of-a-factory business, such as retiring-allowance payment.Then, in order to deliver the U.S. Forces corporate institutions in the southern Korean Peninsula, he had to process business at the Seoul branch and the Incheon factory every day.Other men of the company did not have to work and were living danglingly every day. On the contrary, my father had to stay at intense cold Seoul for many days, and had to keep on working.As Teikoku sen-i's company residences were in a suburb, the reservation of Japanese people's safety was difficult, and has not received the information about a homecoming certainly.Then, my family decided to move to a Japanese-style house in Incheon in October.Many people who lived overseas told about the difficulties of a homecoming. Until we rode on a homecoming train, my family's life was extravagant.We were allowed only 1000 Japanese yen per one person and all the loads which one was able to carry by oneself. Even if we sold all household goods for the homecoming, the whole of the money had to be used up.Every day my family was walking all over Inchon looking for restaurants and delicious foods that could not be eaten in wartime.Difficulties of a homecoming began from the time of our riding on a homecoming train on November 25. We were on a trip in a freight train from Incheon to Pusan. We lived in a warehouse in Pusan several days. The homecoming ship arrived at the Hakata harbor. We continued from there to Kyoto by a open freight train. We passed also the Kammon Strait tunnel in an open freight train, and saw the burned field in Hiroshima, Kobe, and Osaka. We arrived in Kyoto at last after 24 hours or more from Hakata. From there, we went to Ogaki with the local train.We settled in the Teikoku Sen-i Ogaki factory of Gifu Prefecture where the company residences and the dormitories remained unburnt.Then, we ate the rice porridge containing cereals taken out for the first time, and faced the reality of the severe defeated nation Japan.My father was suffering from tuberculosis owing to the hard work in intense cold Seoul for an institution of the U.S. Forces.My father went to work in the head office in Tokyo in 1946, without knowing that he was sick.And he returned to Ogaki in spring of next year, and died in summer.In Incheon, even if the U.S. soldiers gave chewing gum and chocolate to children at the roadside, we never got some since we were Japanese. However, in Ogaki, children had received chewing gum and chocolate.When I saw this spectacle, I felt that Japan was defeated in the war.A man told me, that the most useful book, which taught us the way of life after the defeat was "Gone With the Wind". The situation of defeat and recovery after a war was written in this Japanese people had not expected this before August 15 1945.

August 15th A young soldier in Rokuzan

I was in Tohoku district (old Manchukuo) in China then.The neutral treaty (at 1941) was between Japanese and Soviet Union and so we Japanese soldiers believed firmly that there was no military invasion from a north direction of Tohoku district absolutely.The enemy of Japanese Forces was only U.S. Forces and the main battle targets of our anti-aircraft guns regiment were destruction of B-29 bombers that should attack at Dalian.Entering in august, 1945, the construction of the base of anti-aircraft guns was hastened.In order to build an anti-aircraft guns base on the top of Midoriyama where overlooks Dalian with an altitude of about 700 meters, we advanced work rapidly.The main work was "excavation" for making plinthes of anti-aircraft guns.One person supported a thick flea at first, and this flea was driven by another person with a heavy hammer,@so this work was doing by very childish technique but making plinthes on base rock were done little by little .Even workers worked fully by turns all day long, it came out of the base rock at most to dig only 20cm depth.The base rock was very hard granit and when soldiers worked sweat dropping down from their skins. Such painful work continued every day.On July I was appointed as first class private candidates' education member by our headquarter.Headquarter's office existed in the center of Dalian. From there to the summit of Midoriyama mountain, I had to go and buck by running every day.This running was a part of cruel training aiming at heat resistance and patience.The work reached at the next step at several days after.Using of dynamites was attained, and many holes could open for it, in holes dynamites were loaded, and we were able to hear the blasting sound of dynamites.When dynamites carried out the explosion, the form of Midoriyama mountain changed little by little.I looked at the spectacle and felt a kind of pleasant sensation and I had a new hope in works.The war situation of against US became severe day by day.We had to complete work immediately.I was under the orders of our commander to go to a mine of suburbs with two subordinates and we had to receive the short course training of a rock drill operation for three days.I was surprised at the spot of a mine to look at new style rock drills.Worker of a mine were able to dig a hole of the depth of 1 meter's grade in an instant.But a powerful compressor was needed in order to operate a rock drill.As it is during the war and the mining company cooperated in lending compressors pleasantly.Several days after, the roaring sound of the rock drills sounded from several places on the mountain.The roaring sound echoed all the mountain.The summit of the mountain was rapidly shaved off.Blasting operations began to go smoothly.Suddenly all the members of our regiment were ordered to gather in front of the cave which just we have made. This was before the noon of one certain day.On that time we have been told only that there was a serious broadcast, I couldn't supposed what have happened.The language of the His Majesty the Emperor was mixed with noise and could be heard fragmentarily and faintly from a radio which called a common name "the average 4". And I realized only he told that Japan accepted the Potsdam Declaration.The Emperor's words which remained especially in my impression "We have to bear matters that can not to bear and have to endure matters that can not to endure, so we must contribute the reconstruction of peaceful Japan. When broadcast finished, I did not understand at all, as the meaning of that broadcast and what kind of things would start after that day and how should I do on that surroundings.Also the officers and underofficers who were in that place could not show any reaction.Someone did not have any directions, either. Silence continued long time.Soldiers had obeyed faithfully to the instruction of the Battlefield Service Code, as "Surely winning if we fight, and surely taking land if we attack".They did not have experience of defeat on war. And they could not do any acting according to their judgment.Then those who lost hope in the future, and those who worried uneasily seceded from our regiment and they went away to large field of Tohoku district.I think that those who followed such fate were not able to step on the ground of a hometown again.

I was 21st year old and the season was summer.